Dyslexia Help: Phonological Awareness (should be done simultaneously with working memory and alphabetics)

Dyslexia Help; Cook’s Independent Tutoring, Coaching, & Consulting,LLC

Does your child struggle to learn or have reading struggles (writing and speaking too)? Do They Have Phonological Awareness?

Phonological Awareness Should Be Done In the Emergent Stage Before Beginning and Early Literacy (5 or Less Letter Sound Knowledge)

Summary of Stages of Literacy Development Of Intervention

Emergent	Beginning	Early	Intermediate/Advanced
phase: Phonological Awareness, Working Memory, Alphabetics “I Read Only” (Model, Model, Model”) *might be more of a “writer” than reader at this point	phase: “Sound Level”Sounds in Isolation (also Words for encoding/decoding offered in program) ”I Read”	phase: “Word Level”Words in Isolation, Choral, Echo Read, Cloze Read on Instructional Level Trade Books ”We Read”	phase:“Phrases & Sentences Level”  Independent Reading ”You Read”

Language and Sounds (Listening Skills)

Objectives

Develop Active Listening

Why Is This Active Listening Game Important For Inferencing?

Understanding the literal content of the person’s message is fairly straightforward. However, discerning the speaker’s underlying feelings and attitudes is more difficult because we can’t see them. They are hidden inside the speaker. I talk- you relay- I talk-take away picture- we talk- we talk- take away we relay, you talk-I relay, you talk-take away picture!!

Show Pictures of Face: https://images.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search;_ylt=AwrCwDMFyfRfgk0AtAsPxQt.;_ylu=Y29sbwNiZjEEcG9zAzEEdnRpZAMEc2VjA3Nj?p=pictures+of+people%27s+faces&fr=yhs-trp-001&hspart=trp&hsimp=yhs-001

Show pictures of Animals: https://images.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search;_ylt=AwrCwGFS4f1fdSIABgYPxQt.;

Show Pictures of Nature: https://images.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search;_ylt=AwrExlQIyfRfw2sAbho2nIlQ;_ylu=c2VjA3NlYXJjaARzbGsDYnV0dG9u;_ylc=X1MDMTM1MTE5NTcwMgRfcgMyBGFjdG4DY2xrBGNzcmNwdmlkA2NCcnN2VEV3

List of Listening Games:

Telephone

Nature Walk (Montessori)

Simeon Says

Whisper Game (Montessori)

Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes

I Spy (Whisper Version)

Montessori Sequencing & Categorization  Cards- Before you begin even alphabetic, I suggest doing activities of phonological awareness, including language and listening. For language and listening, you need to develop their sound word knowledge (described above) as well as their categorization and sequencing skills. (Note: the opportunity to teach  ordinal numbers: first, second (next), third (last)).

What is sound word knowledge?  Sound word knowledge is recognizing and recalling how many letters and how many sounds are in each position of a word. It helps students with dyslexia because they have the tools to help them when they omit letters/sounds in the middle of the word. For this: they need a strong working memory along with categorizing and sequencing skills (see image above)!

(Note: they are available online. These Montessori cards contain all three: category: ex. food items, sequence: steps of opening, and language/listening if done with the child: egg: whole, oval, half, etc..). Again, I suggest doing before alphabetics/phonics. Then, when 90% mastery with objects then move unto alphabetics and phonics (next section). NOTE: THIS WILL INCREASE THEIR WORKING MEMORY IF DONE DAILY. MOST students with dyslexia have a deficient working memory. This is why a phonological awareness deficiency is a commonality in all students with dyslexia. Also, note the last sound to be processed is the middle sound. Just think about what you’re asking them when doing words like /c/ /a/ /t/ and /cat/ whether it be rhyming, segmenting/blending or on-set/rhyme: for example,  think about how they need to have a good working memory to process and hold those sounds in their brains!!! This is why the foundation of the phonological awareness continuum including language and listening  (specifically categorization and sequencing) are very important as well as working memory (again specifically categorization and sequencing).  YOU WANT TO MAKE SURE THEY ARE PROCESSING EACH SOUND BEFORE YOU MOVE ON (ESPECIALLY THE MIDDLE SOUND- DO LOTS OF ASSONANCE GAMES AND LISTENING). 

Note: Sight words it only how many letters Not How many letters, how many sounds! It’s just how many letters- great for those with surface (visual dyslexia).

Quizlet Letter Names: https://quizlet.com/_5tg7bz?x=1jqt&i=1rtq1r

Rhyme and Alliteration

Phonological Awareness (say out verbally after 90% mastery above): you can make it fun and informative. Should be done verbally and can be done as a game in the car as you head down the highway just make sure the visual/tactile component is not present at this time. 

Ex Alliteration Words	Ex. Assonance Words	Ex. Rhyming Words
friends flip-flop fast  facing future fell face fame forty	lonely floats host golden daffodils mote coat phone knot	back black crack hack jack tack mack whack zack

WORDS:

open sounds a=apple o=octopus	Level 2 (90% mastery) partially open u= umbrella	Level 3 (90% mastery) other e=elephant i= igloo
(after 90% of spelling -am family) -an family	(after 90% of spelling -an family) -ad family	(after 90% of spelling -ad family) -at family
3 letters 3 sounds fan ban can man pan 4 letters 3 sounds flan clan bran	3 letters 3 sounds bad cad dad had lad mad pad sad 4 letters 3 sounds brad glad clad	3 letters 3 sounds rat bat cat fat hat mat pat sat 4 letters 3 sounds slat flat chat spat that
(after 90% of spelling -at family) -og family	(after 90% of spelling -og family) -ot family	(after 90% of spelling -ot family) -ug family
3 letters 3 sounds log fog bog cog dog fog hog jog bog 4 letters 3 sounds blog clog frog slog smog	3 letters 3 sounds cot bot cot dot got jot lot pot rot not 4 letters 3 sounds plot clot blot shot slots trot	3 letters 3 sounds rug bug dug hug jug lug tug mug pug rug 4 letters 3 sounds plug shrug snug thug
(after 90% of spelling -ug family) -un family	(after 90% of spelling -un family) -en family	(after 90% of spelling -en family) -in family
3 letters 3 sounds bun fun gun nun pun run 4 letters 3 sounds shun spun stun sun	3 letters 3 sounds den fen ten hen men yen pen 4 letters 3 sounds glen then open	3 letters 3 sounds bin din fin gin kin pin tin win 4 letters 3 sounds grin shin skin spin chin thin twin
(after 90% of spelling -in family) -it family	(after 90% of spelling -it family) -ip family	5 letter words
3 letters 3 sounds bit fit hit kit lit mit pit wit sit 4 letters 3 sounds skit slit grit snit spit split twit	3 letters 3 sounds dip drip flip grip hip lip sip nip rip tip zip 4 letters 3 sounds ship skip blip slip snip strip trip chip whip quip	brine shine spine swine twine whine shine spine swine twine whine black crack knack quack snack awake brake flake quake shake snake stake

Phonological Awareness (say out verbally after 90% mastery above): you can make it fun and informative. Should be done verbally and can be done as a game in the car as you head down the highway just make sure the visual/tactile component is not present at this time.

Game: Using words above, make sure the child can’t see the words.

1) Say the first word on the list.

2) Tell them to visualize what that word is (give them a hint-tell them how many letters, how many sounds).

3) Have them to tell you what letters (letter names) did they visualize. If they can’t get the correct letters, ask them did they visualize something else (person, place, thing, idea) and what did it look like.

4) Give them the letters and show them the word.

5) Go to the next word on the list (make sure they can’t see words. Say, I’m replacing the letter _____ with the letter _______.

Sentence Segmenting (“I read & Model, Model, Model Sentence Segmenting”)

First) What is sound word knowledge?  Sound word knowledge is recognizing and recalling how many letters and how many sounds are in each position of a word. It helps students with dyslexia because they have the tools to help them when they omit letters/sounds in the middle of the word. See words above

Then) Read to them. Pick out a sentence from book and isolate. Then count the words in the sentence. Book’s for free here: https://www.getepic.com/

Onset-Rime Blending & Segmenting

More on Phonological Awareness (text me and I’ll send you more PA PowerPoint resource)

NOTE: WORKING MEMORY NEEDS TO BE DONE DAILY: https://lookingtohealourownlearningdifference.org/2020/10/29/dyslexia-help-looking-to-heal-our-own-learning-difference-by-developing-working-memory-of-sound-word-knowledge-processing/

Alphabetics– Letter Name

A a      B b      C c       D d E e      F f         G g      H h I i         J j         K k         L l M m       N n       O o       P p Q q       R r        S s          T t U u      V v   W w       X x Y y    Z z

NOW Go to Phonics I: https://lookingtohealourownlearningdifference.org/2020/11/07/dyslexia-help-phonics-cook-t-2020/

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Tricia Cook, M. Ed, RSP, AOG, https://linktr.ee/tcooktutor; www.myelbert.com

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